The Hundred Years' War was a conflict between "national monarchies" of England and France. They fought from 1337 to 1453 over land that the England controlled in France, and "feudal rights versus the emerging claims of national states". It was fought primarily over claims by the English kings to the French throne. For France, this didn't go very well; it was just a sign that they were weak in their monarchy. This war showed futility of the military methods that were attached to feudalism. In 1453 in the Battle of Castillion, Jean Bureau defeated Talbot to end the Hundred Years' War. This was also the first battle in European history in which use of the cannon was vital in determining the winner.